New Zealand’s RBNZ expected to stand pat, defying market bets for a rate cut
- The Reserve Bank of New Zealand is set to maintain its key interest rate at 5.50% on Wednesday.
- The August policy decision appears to be a “close call” between a hold and a cut, as inflation expectations fall.
- The New Zealand Dollar’s fate hinges on the RBNZ policy action, updated forecasts and Governor Orr’s words.
Market participants are eagerly awaiting the Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) interest rate decision, due on Wednesday at 02:00 GMT, as it is expected to be a “close call” for the central bank.
The RBNZ is expected to hold the Official Cash Rate (OCR) at 5.50%, maintaining that level since May 2023. However, the market is heavily divided, with analysts and industry experts anticipating a rates on-hold decision. A Reuters poll of 31 analysts, found 12 predicting a cut with the rest supporting the status quo.
On the other hand, swap markets imply a roughly 70% probability of the bank lowering the cash rate by 25 basis points (bps) to 5.25%. Markets are pricing in 90 bps of easing this year and another 148 basis points in 2025.
What to expect from the RBNZ interest rate decision?
Markets leaned in favor of a dovish policy pivot by the RBNZ after the central bank’s quarterly survey showed a continued drop in inflation expectations.
New Zealand’s inflation expectations fell to three-year lows of 2.03% in the third quarter, compared to 2.33% in the June quarter. Meanwhile, the survey data from 33 business leaders and professional forecasters saw annual price increases averaging 2.40% over the year ahead, down from 2.73% previously.
However, some of the other fxstreet.com/economic-calendar” data-fxs-autoanchor=””>economic indicators suggest that the RBNZ could extend the pause. Non-tradable inflation continues to be a concern for the central bank, as domestic inflation remains stubbornly high. Non-tradeable inflation was 5.4% in the year to the June quarter, declining from the 5.8% print in the second quarter, although still above the 5.0% level.
The country’s labor market still showed some signs of tightness after the Employment Change rebounded by 0.4% in the second quarter, up from a 0.2% decline in Q1 and way above the market estimate of a 0.2% fall. The Unemployment Rate rose from 4.4% to 4.6%, lower than the expected 4.7% figure.
Additionally, New Zealand’s ANZ Business Confidence Index jumped to 27.1 in July from 6.1 in June, showing improving firms’ morale.
As the market remains split on the likely RBNZ policy move this week, traders will pay close attention to the language of the Monetary Policy Statement (MPS) and the updated economic projections for fresh hints on the bank’s outlook on interest rates.
How will the RBNZ interest decision impact the New Zealand Dollar?
The main focus will be on the RBNZ’s OCR forecasts and a downward revision to it for this year could reverberate the market’s expectations of a rate cut by the RBNZ earlier than previously projected in the third quarter of 2025. The RBNZ currently forecasts the OCR to peak at 5.65% in Q4 2024.
The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) will be thrown under the bus if the central bank cuts the rate by 25 bps to 5.25% while revising down its OCR forecast for 2024. In such a scenario, NZD/USD could revisit the nine-month low of 0.5900.
In case the central bank holds the rate, any dovish tweak in the policy statement and a potential downward revision to the OCR projections could overshadow and act as a headwind for the Kiwi Dollar.
NZD/USD could extend its recovery momentum only if the MPS expresses concerns over sticky non-tradeable goods and services inflation and acknowledges upside risks to inflation, delivering a hawkish hold outcome. The New Zealand Dollar could also benefit should the bank retain its hawkish bias while maintaining the OCR estimates.
Dhwani Mehta, FXStreet’s Senior Analyst, offers a brief technical outlook for trading the New Zealand Dollar on the RBNZ policy announcements: “The NZD/USD pair is consolidating the previous week’s recovery, capitalizing on a bullish 14-day Relative Strength Index (RSI) on the daily chart.”
“If buyers manage to find acceptance above the key 200-day Simple Moving Average (SMA) at 0.6087, the upside will open up toward the July high of 0.6154. Further up, the 0.6200 threshold will be in sight. Conversely, failure to defend the 21-day SMA at 0.5974 could fuel a fresh downtrend toward the 0.5900 level, below which the April low at 0.5852 will get tested,” Dhwani adds.
New Zealand Dollar PRICE This week
The table below shows the percentage change of New Zealand Dollar (NZD) against listed major currencies this week. New Zealand Dollar was the strongest against the Japanese Yen.
| USD | EUR | GBP | JPY | CAD | AUD | NZD | CHF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| USD | -0.01% | -0.23% | 0.77% | 0.00% | -0.31% | -0.52% | 0.31% | |
| EUR | 0.01% | -0.19% | 0.76% | 0.02% | -0.42% | -0.52% | 0.33% | |
| GBP | 0.23% | 0.19% | 1.23% | 0.23% | -0.23% | -0.33% | 0.53% | |
| JPY | -0.77% | -0.76% | -1.23% | -0.74% | -1.15% | -1.30% | -0.49% | |
| CAD | -0.01% | -0.02% | -0.23% | 0.74% | -0.38% | -0.54% | 0.32% | |
| AUD | 0.31% | 0.42% | 0.23% | 1.15% | 0.38% | -0.10% | 0.76% | |
| NZD | 0.52% | 0.52% | 0.33% | 1.30% | 0.54% | 0.10% | 0.86% | |
| CHF | -0.31% | -0.33% | -0.53% | 0.49% | -0.32% | -0.76% | -0.86% |
The heat map shows percentage changes of major currencies against each other. The base currency is picked from the left column, while the quote currency is picked from the top row. For example, if you pick the New Zealand Dollar from the left column and move along the horizontal line to the US Dollar, the percentage change displayed in the box will represent NZD (base)/USD (quote).
New Zealand Dollar FAQs
The New Zealand Dollar (NZD), also known as the Kiwi, is a well-known traded currency among investors. Its value is broadly determined by the health of the New Zealand economy and the country’s central bank policy. Still, there are some unique particularities that also can make NZD move. The performance of the Chinese economy tends to move the Kiwi because China is New Zealand’s biggest trading partner. Bad news for the Chinese economy likely means less New Zealand exports to the country, hitting the economy and thus its currency. Another factor moving NZD is dairy prices as the dairy industry is New Zealand’s main export. High dairy prices boost export income, contributing positively to the economy and thus to the NZD.
The Reserve Bank of New Zealand (RBNZ) aims to achieve and maintain an inflation rate between 1% and 3% over the medium term, with a focus to keep it near the 2% mid-point. To this end, the bank sets an appropriate level of interest rates. When inflation is too high, the RBNZ will increase interest rates to cool the economy, but the move will also make bond yields higher, increasing investors’ appeal to invest in the country and thus boosting NZD. On the contrary, lower interest rates tend to weaken NZD. The so-called rate differential, or how rates in New Zealand are or are expected to be compared to the ones set by the US Federal Reserve, can also play a key role in moving the NZD/USD pair.
Macroeconomic data releases in New Zealand are key to assess the state of the economy and can impact the New Zealand Dollar’s (NZD) valuation. A strong economy, based on high economic growth, low unemployment and high confidence is good for NZD. High economic growth attracts foreign investment and may encourage the Reserve Bank of New Zealand to increase interest rates, if this economic strength comes together with elevated inflation. Conversely, if economic data is weak, NZD is likely to depreciate.
The New Zealand Dollar (NZD) tends to strengthen during risk-on periods, or when investors perceive that broader market risks are low and are optimistic about growth. This tends to lead to a more favorable outlook for commodities and so-called ‘commodity currencies’ such as the Kiwi. Conversely, NZD tends to weaken at times of market turbulence or economic uncertainty as investors tend to sell higher-risk assets and flee to the more-stable safe havens.