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Japanese Yen bulls seem reluctant as BoJ uncertainty counters Tokyo CPI | FXStreet

The Japanese Yen (JPY) remains on the front foot against a flattish US Dollar (USD), though it lacks bullish conviction and remains within striking distance of the lowest level since February, touched the previous day. Data released during the Asian session on Friday showed that inflation in Tokyo rose at a faster pace and backed the case for further policy tightening by the Bank of Japan (BoJ). Investors, however, remain uncertain about the likely timing of the next BoJ rate hike amid expectations that Japan’s Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi will pursue aggressive fiscal spending plans, which, in turn, caps gains for the JPY.

Apart from this, the latest optimism led by a de-escalation of US-China trade tensions turns out to be another factor undermining demand for the safe-haven JPY. The US Dollar (USD), on the other hand, is seen consolidating below its highest level since early August in the wake of the US Federal Reserve’s (Fed) hawkish stance. This further contributes to limiting the downside for the USD/JPY pair. However, speculations that authorities might intervene to stem any further weakness in the domestic currency might hold back the JPY bears from placing fresh bets and positioning for an extension of a two-week-old downtrend.

Japanese Yen lacks bullish conviction amid BoJ rate hike uncertainty, fiscal concerns

  • The internal affairs ministry reported this Friday that the Consumer Price Index in Tokyo – Japan’s capital city – rose to the 2.8% YoY rate in October from 2.5% in the previous month. Adding to this, the core gauge, which excludes volatile fresh food prices, climbed from the 2.5% YoY rate in September to 2.8% during the reported month.
  • Furthermore, the core CPI that excludes both fresh food and energy prices, which has stayed above the Bank of Japan’s 2% target for three-and-a-half-years, rose to 2.8% from 2.5%. The data backs the case for the BoJ to keep raising interest rates gradually, which, in turn, provides a modest boost to the Japanese Yen during the Asian session.
  • The BoJ held rates steady at the end of a two-day meeting on Thursday despite two dissenting votes, with board members Naoki Tamura and Hajime Takata pushing for a hike to 0.75%. Moreover, BoJ Governor Kazuo Ueda said during the post-meeting press conference that there are no preset ideas about the timing of the next rate hike.
  • Moreover, Japan’s new Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi’s pro-stimulus stance could allow the BoJ to delay raising interest rates further, which, in turn, could act as a headwind for the JPY. The US Dollar, on the other hand, draws some support from the Federal Reserve’s hawkish tilt and should contribute to limiting losses for the USD/JPY pair.
  • The US central bank lowered its benchmark overnight borrowing rate for the second time this year, to a range of 3.75%-4%. However, Fed Chair Jerome Powell said that a further reduction in the policy rate at the December meeting is not a foregone conclusion. Traders were quick to react and trimmed their bets for more easing this year, which, in turn, pushed the USD to its highest level since early August on Thursday and the USD/JPY pair to an eight-month peak.
  • The US government shutdown has now entered its fifth week amid a deadlock in Congress on the Republican-backed funding bill, fueling economic concerns. This is holding back the USD bulls from placing aggressive bets. Traders now look to speeches from influential FOMC members for cues about the future rate-cut path and a fresh impetus.

USD/JPY bulls have the upper hand; breakout above 153.25-30 remains in play

From a technical perspective, the overnight breakout through the 153.25-153.30 region, or the previous monthly swing high, and a subsequent strength beyond the 154.00 mark, was seen as a key trigger for the USD/JPY bulls. Moreover, oscillators on the daily chart are holding comfortably in positive territory and are still away from being in the overbought zone. This, in turn, backs the case for the emergence of some dip-buying at lower levels. Nevertheless, spot prices seem poised to climb further beyond mid-154.00s, towards the 154.75-154.80 region en route to the 155.00 psychological mark.

On the flip side, weakness below the 154.00 mark is likely to find decent support and remain limited near the 153.30-153.25 resistance-turned-support. This is followed by the 153.00 round figure, which, if broken decisively, might expose the overnight swing low, around the 152.15 region. Some follow-through selling below the 152.00 mark would negate any near-term positive bias and pave the way for deeper losses towards the 151.55-151.50 area before spot prices eventually drop to the 151.10-151.00 key support.

Bank of Japan FAQs

The Bank of Japan (BoJ) is the Japanese central bank, which sets monetary policy in the country. Its mandate is to issue banknotes and carry out currency and monetary control to ensure price stability, which means an inflation target of around 2%.

The Bank of Japan embarked in an ultra-loose monetary policy in 2013 in order to stimulate the economy and fuel inflation amid a low-inflationary environment. The bank’s policy is based on Quantitative and Qualitative Easing (QQE), or printing notes to buy assets such as government or corporate bonds to provide liquidity. In 2016, the bank doubled down on its strategy and further loosened policy by first introducing negative interest rates and then directly controlling the yield of its 10-year government bonds. In March 2024, the BoJ lifted interest rates, effectively retreating from the ultra-loose monetary policy stance.

The Bank’s massive stimulus caused the Yen to depreciate against its main currency peers. This process exacerbated in 2022 and 2023 due to an increasing policy divergence between the Bank of Japan and other main central banks, which opted to increase interest rates sharply to fight decades-high levels of inflation. The BoJ’s policy led to a widening differential with other currencies, dragging down the value of the Yen. This trend partly reversed in 2024, when the BoJ decided to abandon its ultra-loose policy stance.

A weaker Yen and the spike in global energy prices led to an increase in Japanese inflation, which exceeded the BoJ’s 2% target. The prospect of rising salaries in the country – a key element fuelling inflation – also contributed to the move.